Penney, ‘Protests force out Burkina president, soldiers vie for power’, Reuters, 31 October 2014 The Social Roots of Jihadist Violence in Burkina Faso’s North, International Crisis Group, Africa Report No. The dismantling of the Presidential Security Regiment (RSP), an ‘elite army unit’ which was directly under his command, further contributed to disrupting the security apparatus. Indeed, Compaoré’s benevolent attitude towards some armed groups allowed him to keep them away from his country’s territory. Since then, the country has experienced a security vacuum. The security apparatus of Burkina Faso has been weakened since former president Blaise Compaoré resigned from office on 31 October 2014, following massive protests against his plans to extend his almost three decades-long rule. For further information, see ‘non-international armed conflict – Intensity of violence’ in our Classification section. Various indicative factors are used to assess whether a given situation has met the required intensity threshold, such as the number, duration and intensity of individual confrontations the types of weapons and military equipment used the number of persons and types of forces participating in the fighting the number of casualties the extent of material destruction the number of civilians fleeing and the involvement of the United Nations Security Council. For further information, see ‘Non-international armed conflict’ in our Classification section. Government forces are presumed to satisfy the criteria of organization. Second, in every non-international armed conflict, at least one side in the conflict must be a non-state armed group which must exhibit a certain level of organization in order to qualify as a party to the non-international armed conflict. Two criteria need to be assessed in order to establish whether the violence in Burkina Faso meets the threshold for non-international armed conflict:įirst, the level of armed violence must reach a certain degree of intensity that goes beyond internal disturbances and tensions.
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